TSE CASSANRA'S PHYSICS PROJECT

unit 9 thermal properties of matter
internal energy;it is the total amount of energy of the particles of matter.
comprising of kinetic energy( vibration of particles),the higher the temperature,the more vigorous the vibration, and, potential energy(stretching and compressing of intermolecular bonds)

melting and boiling graph of water.
these are the pairs of opposites:
melting- when a solid changes to liquid upon heating
solidification-when a liquid changes to solid upon freezing

boiling-when liquid changes to gas upon heating
condensation-when gas changes to liquid upon cooling

melting and solidification
solid melts when the strong intermolecular bonds are broken by the thermal energy supplied.Hence thermal energy is used to break such bonds,thats why from the graph,the temperature remains the same in the process of melting.

vice versa,when liquid solidifies due to freezing,the molecules come together and forms an intermolecular bond,during this process,thermal enrgy is given out,hence the temperature remains the same during solidification.

boiling and condensation
boiling works the same way as melting,thermal energy pushes and seperates the molecules away on the surrounding atmosphere,thermal energy is used.As such,the intermolecular bond is negligible.hence the state is changed to gaseous.

vice versa,when gas condenses,the molecules come closer together to form a intermolecular bond,heat is given out.Hence it becomes a liquid

EVAPORATION;only takes place between liquid and gases

watch the explaination!

factors affecting evaporation:
temperature-the higher the temperature the quicker the rate of evaporation
humidity in the surrounding air-when the air is humid (a lot of water vapour),the rate of evaporation decreases
surface area of liquid-the larger the surface,the quicker the rate of evaporation.this is due to the exposed surface,where the molecules can escape
movement of air-the greater the movement the greater the rate of evaporation
pressure-the lower the pressure the quiker the rate of evaporation
boiling points-the lower the boiling point the faster the rate of evaporation


Friday, September 5, 2008 unit 9 thermal properties of matter internal energy;it is the total amount of energy of the particles of matter. comprising of kinetic energy( vibration of particles),the higher the temperature,the more vigorous the vibration, and, potential energy(stretching and compressing of intermolecular bonds) melting and boiling graph of water. these are the pairs of opposites: melting- when a solid changes to liquid upon heating solidification-when a liquid changes to solid upon freezing boiling-when liquid changes to gas upon heating condensation-when gas changes to liquid upon cooling melting and solidification solid melts when the strong intermolecular bonds are broken by the thermal energy supplied.Hence thermal energy is used to break such bonds,thats why from the graph,the temperature remains the same in the process of melting. vice versa,when liquid solidifies due to freezing,the molecules come together and forms an intermolecular bond,during this process,thermal enrgy is given out,hence the temperature remains the same during solidification. boiling and condensation boiling works the same way as melting,thermal energy pushes and seperates the molecules away on the surrounding atmosphere,thermal energy is used.As such,the intermolecular bond is negligible.hence the state is changed to gaseous. vice versa,when gas condenses,the molecules come closer together to form a intermolecular bond,heat is given out.Hence it becomes a liquid EVAPORATION;only takes place between liquid and gases watch the explaination! factors affecting evaporation: temperature-the higher the temperature the quicker the rate of evaporation humidity in the surrounding air-when the air is humid (a lot of water vapour),the rate of evaporation decreases surface area of liquid-the larger the surface,the quicker the rate of evaporation.this is due to the exposed surface,where the molecules can escape movement of air-the greater the movement the greater the rate of evaporation pressure-the lower the pressure the quiker the rate of evaporation boiling points-the lower the boiling point the faster the rate of evaporation Oh yes, I did @ 1:43 AM.	EHEM howdy,this is my thermal physics project Tse (36) TAG-BOARD CREDITS Design/Layout: Naziz